Tuesday 17 May 2016

Time of Remembrance and Reconciliation for Those Who Lost Their Lives During the WWII, 8-9 May.



 Дни памяти и примирения, посвященные памяти жертв Второй мировой войны, 8–9 мая.
الوقت لإحياء ذكرى والمصالحة لأولئك الذين فقدوا حياتهم أثناء الحرب العالمية الثانية، 08-09 مايو.

Theme 2016Pay tribute to all victims of the Second World War.


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By resolution 59/26 of 22 November 2004, the UN General Assembly declared 8–9 May as a time of remembrance and reconciliation and, while recognizing that Member States may have individual days of victory, liberation and commemoration, invited all Member States, organizations of the United Nations System, non-governmental organizations and individuals to observe annually either one or both of these days in an appropriate manner to pay tribute to all victims of the Second World War.

The Assembly stressed that this historic event established the conditions for the creation of the United Nations, designed to save succeeding generations from the scourge of war, and called upon the Member States of the United Nations to unite their efforts in dealing with new challenges and threats, with the United Nations playing a central role, and to make every effort to settle all disputes by peaceful means in conformity with the Charter of the United Nations and in such a manner that international peace and security are not endangered.



Forum : To Those Who Lost Their Lives during the Second World War, 8- 9 May

VEday

A REGISTER OF EVENTS. The War in Europe.


Events : Victory Day Parade 2016.


 



9 Мая
9 Мая - особый праздник - День Великой Победы.
 

WWII Timeline :

° September 18, 1931 : Japan invades Manchuria.
° October 2, 1935–May 1936 : Fascist Italy invades, conquers, and annexes Ethiopia.
° October 25–November 1, 1936 : Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy sign a treaty of cooperation on October 25; on November 1, the Rome-Berlin Axis is announced.
° November 25, 1936: Nazi Germany and Imperial Japan sign the Anti-Comintern Pact, directed against the Soviet Union and the international Communist movement.
° July 7, 1937 : Japan invades China, initiating World War II in the Pacific.
° March 11–13, 1938 : Germany incorporates Austria in the Anschluss.
° September 29, 1938 : Germany, Italy, Great Britain, and France sign the Munich agreement which forces the Czechoslovak Republic to cede the Sudetenland, including the key Czechoslovak military defense positions, to Nazi Germany.

 


1939


° March 14–15, 1939 : Under German pressure, the Slovaks declare their independence and form a Slovak Republic. The Germans occupy the rump Czech lands in violation of the Munich agreement, forming a Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia.
° March 31, 1939 : France and Great Britain guarantee the integrity of the borders of the Polish state.
° April 7–15, 1939 : Fascist Italy invades and annexes Albania.
° August 23, 1939 : Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union sign a nonaggression agreement and a secret codicil dividing eastern Europe into spheres of influence.
° September 1, 1939 : Germany invades Poland, initiating World War II in Europe.
° September 3, 1939 : Honoring their guarantee of Poland’s borders, Great Britain and France declare war on Germany.
° September 17, 1939 : The Soviet Union invades Poland from the east.
° September 27–29, 1939 : Warsaw surrenders on September 27. The Polish government flees into exile via Romania. Germany and the Soviet Union divide Poland between them.

1940


 

° November 30, 1939–March 12, 1940 : The Soviet Union invades Finland, initiating the so-called Winter War. The Finns sue for an armistice and have to cede the northern shores of Lake Lagoda and the small Finnish coastline on the Arctic Sea to the Soviet Union.
° April 9, 1940–June 9, 1940 : Germany invades Denmark and Norway. Denmark surrenders on the day of the attack; Norway holds out until June 9.
° May 10, 1940–June 22, 1940 : Germany attacks western Europe—France and the neutral Low Countries. Luxembourg is occupied on May 10; the Netherlands surrenders on May 14; and Belgium surrenders on May 28. On June 22, France signs an armistice agreement by which the Germans occupy the northern half of the country and the entire Atlantic coastline. In southern France, a collaborationist regime with its capital in Vichy is established.
° June 10, 1940 : Italy enters the war. Italy invades southern France on June 21.
° June 28, 1940 : The Soviet Union forces Romania to cede the eastern province of Bessarabia and the northern half of Bukovina to the Soviet Ukraine.
°June 14, 1940–August 6, 1940 : The Soviet Union occupies the Baltic States on June 14–18, engineering Communist coup d’états in each of them on July 14–15, and then annexing them as Soviet Republics on August 3–6.
° July 10, 1940–October 31, 1940 : The air war known as the Battle of Britain ends in defeat for Nazi Germany.
° August 30, 1940 : Second Vienna Award: Germany and Italy arbitrate a decision on the division of the disputed province of Transylvania between Romania and Hungary. The loss of northern Transylvania forces Romanian King Carol to abdicate in favor of his son, Michael, and brings to power a dictatorship under General Ion Antonescu.
° September 13, 1940 : The Italians invade British-controlled Egypt from Italian-controlled Libya.
° September 27, 1940 : Germany, Italy, and Japan sign the Tripartite Pact.
° October 1940 : Italy invades Greece from Albania on October 28.
° November 1940 : Slovakia (November 23), Hungary (November 20), and Romania (November 22) join the Axis.

1941


° February 1941 : The Germans send the Afrika Korps to North Africa to reinforce the faltering Italians.
° March 1, 1941 : Bulgaria joins the Axis.
° April 6, 1941–June 1941 : Germany, Italy, Hungary, and Bulgaria invade and dismember Yugoslavia. Yugoslavia surrenders on April 17. Germany and Bulgaria invade Greece in support of the Italians. Resistance in Greece ceases in early June 1941.
° April 10, 1941 : The leaders of the terrorist Ustasa movement proclaim the so-called Independent State of Croatia. Recognized immediately by Germany and Italy, the new state includes the province of Bosnia-Herzegovina. Croatia joins the Axis powers formally on June 15, 1941.
° June 22, 1941–November 1941
Nazi Germany and its Axis partners (except Bulgaria) invade the Soviet Union. Finland, seeking redress for the territorial losses in the armistice concluding the Winter War, joins the Axis just before the invasion. The Germans quickly overrun the Baltic States and, joined by the Finns, lay siege to Leningrad (St. Petersburg) by September. In the center, the Germans capture Smolensk in early August and drive on Moscow by October. In the south, German and Romanian troops capture Kiev (Kyiv) in September and capture Rostov on the Don River in November.
° December 6, 1941 : A Soviet counteroffensive drives the Germans from the Moscow suburbs in chaotic retreat.
° December 7, 1941 : Japan bombs Pearl Harbor.
° December 8, 1941 : The United States declares war on Japan, entering World War II. Japanese troops land in the Philippines, French Indochina (Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia), and British Singapore. By April 1942, the Philippines, Indochina, and Singapore are under Japanese occupation.
° December 11–13, 1941 : Nazi Germany and its Axis partners declare war on the United States.
° May 30, 1942–May 1945 : The British bomb Köln (Cologne), bringing the war home to Germany for the first time. Over the next three years Anglo-American bombing reduces urban Germany to rubble.

1942
 

 

° June 1942 : British and US navies halt the Japanese naval advance in the central Pacific at Midway.
° June 28, 1942–September 1942 : Germany and her Axis partners launch a new offensive in the Soviet Union. German troops fight their way into Stalingrad (Volgograd) on the Volga River by mid-September and penetrate deep into the Caucasus after securing the Crimean Peninsula.
° August–November 1942 : US troops halt the Japanese island-hopping advance towards Australia at Guadalcanal in the Solomon Islands.
° October 23–24, 1942 : British troops defeat the Germans and Italians at El Alamein in Egypt, sending the Axis forces in chaotic retreat across Libya to the eastern border of Tunisia.
° November 8, 1942 : US and British troops land at several points on the beaches of Algeria and Morocco in French North Africa. The failure of the Vichy French troops to defend against the invasion enables the Allies to move swiftly to the western border of Tunisia, and triggers the German occupation of southern France on November 11.



1943

° November 23, 1942–February 2, 1943 : Soviet troops counterattack, breaking through the Hungarian and Romanian lines northwest and southwest of Stalingrad and trapping the German Sixth Army in the city. Forbidden by Hitler to retreat or try to break out of the Soviet ring, the survivors of the Sixth Army surrender on January 30 and February 2, 1943.
° May 13, 1943 : Axis forces in Tunisia surrender to the Allies, ending the North African campaign.
° July 10, 1943 : US and British troops land on Sicily. By mid-August, the Allies control Sicily.
° July 5, 1943 : The Germans launch a massive tank offensive near Kursk in the Soviet Union. The Soviets blunt the attack within a week and begin an offensive initiative of their own.
° July 25, 1943 : The Fascist Grand Council deposes Benito Mussolini, enabling Italian marshall Pietro Badoglio to form a new government.
° September 8, 1943 : The Badoglio government surrenders unconditionally to the Allies. The Germans immediately seize control of Rome and northern Italy, establishing a puppet Fascist regime under Mussolini, who is freed from imprisonment by German commandos on September 12.
° September 9, 1943 : Allied troops land on the beaches of Salerno near Naples.
° November 6, 1943 :  Soviet troops liberate Kiev.


1944
 

 
° January 22, 1944 : Allied troops land successfully near Anzio, just south of Rome.
° March 19, 1944 : Fearing Hungary’s intention to desert the Axis partnership, the Germans occupy Hungary and compel the regent, Admiral Miklos Horthy, to appoint a pro-German minister president.
° June 4, 1944 : Allied troops liberate Rome. Within six weeks, Anglo-American bombers could hit targets in eastern Germany for the first time.
° June 6, 1944 : British and US troops successfully land on the Normandy beaches of France, opening a “Second Front” against the Germans.
° June 22, 1944 : The Soviets launch a massive offensive in eastern Byelorussia (Belarus), destroying the German Army Group Center and driving westward to the Vistula River across from Warsaw in central Poland by August 1.
° July 25, 1944 : Anglo-American forces break out of the Normandy beachhead and race eastward towards Paris.
° August 1, 1944–October 5, 1944 : The non-communist underground Home Army rises up against the Germans in an effort to liberate Warsaw before the arrival of Soviet troops. The Soviet advance halts on the east bank of the Vistula. On  October 5, the Germans accept the surrender of the remnants of the Home Army forces fighting in Warsaw.
° August 15, 1944 : Allied forces land in southern France near Nice and advance rapidly towards the Rhine River to the northeast.
°August 20–25, 1944 : Allied troops reach Paris. On August 25, Free French forces, supported by Allied troops, enter the French capital. By September, the Allies reach the German border; by December, virtually all of France, most of Belgium, and part of the southern Netherlands are liberated.
° August 23, 1944 : The appearance of Soviet troops on the Prut River induces the Romanian opposition to overthrow the Antonescu regime. The new government concludes an armistice and immediately switches sides in the war. The Romanian turnaround compels Bulgaria to surrender on September 8, and the Germans to evacuate Greece, Albania, and southern Yugoslavia in October.
° August 29, 1944–October 28, 1944 :  Under the leadership of the Slovak National Council, consisting of both Communists and non-Communists, underground Slovak resistance units rise against the Germans and the indigenous fascist Slovak regime. In late October, the Germans capture Banská Bystrica, the headquarters of the uprising, and put an end to organized resistance.
° September 12, 1944 : Finland concludes an armistice with the Soviet Union, leaving the Axis partnership.
° October 20, 1944 : US troops land in the Philippines.
° October 15, 1944 : The Hungarian fascist Arrow Cross movement carries out a coup d’état with German support to prevent the Hungarian government from pursuing negotiations for surrender to the Soviets.
° December 16, 1944 : The Germans launch a final offensive in the west, known as the Battle of the Bulge, in an attempt to re-conquer Belgium and split the Allied forces along the German border.

1945
 
 
° January 1, 1945, the Germans are in retreat.
° January 12, 1945: The Soviets launch a new offensive, liberating Warsaw and Krakow in January, capturing Budapest after a two-month siege on February 13, driving the Germans and their Hungarian collaborators out of Hungary in early April, forcing the surrender of Slovakia with the capture of Bratislava on April 4, and capturing Vienna on April 13.
° March 7, 1945 : US troops cross the Rhine River at Remagen.
° April 16, 1945 : The Soviets launch their final offensive, encircling Berlin.
° April 1945 : Partisan units, led by Yugoslav Communist leader Josip Tito, capture Zagreb and topple the Ustasa regime. The top Ustasa leaders flee to Italy and Austria.
° April 30, 1945 : Hitler commits suicide.
° May 7, 1945 : Germany surrenders to the western Allies.
° May 9, 1945 : Germany surrenders to the Soviets.
° May 1945 : Allied troops conquer Okinawa, the last island stop before the Japanese islands.
° August 6, 1945 : The United States drops an atomic bomb on Hiroshima.
° August 8, 1945 : The Soviet Union declares war on Japan and invades Manchuria.
° August 9, 1945 : The United States drops an atomic bomb on Nagasaki.
° September 2, 1945 : Having agreed in principle to unconditional surrender on August 14, 1945, Japan formally surrenders, ending World War II.
 



 
 
Related Links


Resources :

- Veterans History Projects : FAQs on American war veterans - The Library of Congress.
- National World War II Museum - The National D-Day Museum
- Powers of Persuasion: Poster Art from World War II - National Archives and Records Administration.
-Transcripts of interviews, Rutgers Oral History Archives of World War II
-  Women and the Homefront During World War II
- World War II in the newspapers. Chicago Tribune
- The Holocaust,Timeline of events. US Holocaust Memorial Museum
- World War II Book ReviewsWorld War II Database

Exhibitions :
American Treasures of the Library of Congress - World War II
This online exhibition contains notable examples of World War II eramaterials from different areas of the Library, including photographs, posters, newspapers, and original documents.
Dresden: Treasures from the Saxon State Library
This exhibition includes photographs of twentieth century Dresden, including View from the Georgen Gate showing the ruins of the Frauenkirche and surrounding buildings, summer 1947 and View of Dresden's Neumarkt and the Frauenkirche, August 1949.
Herblock's History: Political Cartoons from the Crash to the Millennium
This exhibit includes a number of editorial cartoons from the World War II era by Pulitzer Prize-winning editorial cartoonist Herbert L. Block (1909-2001).
John Bull and Uncle Sam: Four Centuries of British-American Relations
The section of this exhibition titled "From Enemy to Ally" contains a variety of World War II materials, including examples of sheet music, photographs, and speeches.
Women Come to the Front: Journalists, Photographers, and Broadcasters During WWII
This exhibition spotlights eight women who succeeded in "coming to the front" during the war--Therese Bonney, Toni Frissell, Marvin Breckinridge Patterson, Clare Boothe Luce, Janet Flanner, Esther Bubley, Dorothea Lange, and May Craig. Their stories--drawn from private papers and photographs primarily in Library of Congress collections--open a window on a generation of women who changed American society forever by securing a place for themselves in the workplace, in the newsroom, and on the battlefield.


Для тех, кто всегда будет помнить.
 
 
 
News :
- Для тех, кто всегда будет помнить.
"Живая Память" — это сотни писем Великой Отечественной войны, которые вы можете прочесть, чтобы сохранить память о людях, написавших историю…
- Поздравление главам ряда государств с 71-й годовщиной Победы в Великой Отечественной войне • Президент России

 

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